Rapid changes in the long-frozen soil are raising concerns about a surge of planet-warming greenhouse gases as the permafrost thaws.

References

• Permafrost is warming at a global scale https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-08240-4#Fig4
• How Nitrogen Contributes to Permafrost Carbon Dynamics https://eos.org/research-spotlights/how-nitrogen-contributes-to-permafrost-carbon-dynamics
• Adding Depth to Our Understanding of Nitrogen Dynamics in Permafrost Soils https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018JG004518
• Unexpected future boost of methane possible from Arctic permafrost https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2785/unexpected-future-boost-of-methane-possible-from-arctic-permafrost/
• Thawing Alaska Permafrost Sends Autumn CO2 Emissions Surging https://insideclimatenews.org/news/08052017/arctic-permafrost-thawing-alaska-temperatures-co2-emissions
• PAGE21 educational images https://www.page21.eu/press-center/2-uncategorised/55-promotional-material
• Siberia: The Melting Permafrost – ARTE Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9vP7DiQSPbc
• Some Arctic ground no longer freezing—even in winter https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2018/08/news-arctic-permafrost-may-thaw-faster-than-expected/
• ‘The permafrost is dying’: Bethel sees increased shifting of roads and buildings https://www.arctictoday.com/the-permafrost-is-dying-bethel-sees-increased-shifting-of-roads-and-buildings/
• Melting Permafrost Could Damage Infrastructure For 3.6 Million People https://scienceblog.com/504834/melting-permafrost-could-damage-infrastructure-for-3-6-million-people/
• France 24: Could thawing permafrost unleash long-gone … https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8pSo3_0gkk
• Impact of Climate Change on Permafrost with Special Reference to Ladakh- Dr Joseph Thsetan Gergan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90RQc2z4MfU
• The Zero Hour with RJ Eskow: Dr. Katey Walter Anthony: What’s Happening to the Permafrost? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fetZbsIH_yk
• NASA’s 2018 Permafrost Special “All Hell Breaks Lose” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=loAB0U0S0UM
• Additional sources, Greenman Studio, NASA, Pixabay, USGS, EpicStockMedia.com
• Further reading, Pleistocene Park https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene_Park
• Narrated by Bren Cormac
• Climate State Patreon http://patreon.com/ClimateState